Network Configuration with Netplan on Ubuntu 18.04

 With the version 18.04 (Bionic Beaver) Ubuntu has switched to Netplan for the configuration of network interfaces.

This is a YAML based configuration system, which simplifies the configuration process. 

Configuration files

 

This new tool replaces the configuration file (/etc/network/interfaces) that had previously been used to configure the network interfaces on Ubuntu.
The configuration files are now located as YAML files at /etc/netplan/*.yaml. Make sure to respect the YAML standards when you edit the file as it might not work if there is a syntax error in your configuration.

A file 01-netcfg.yaml is used to configure the first interface. Below you can find the default configuration for an interface using DHCP:

# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system
# For more information, see netplan(5).
network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  ethernets:
    enp1s0f0:
      dhcp4: yes

Following you can see a list of the most common configuration options and a description of how they are used.

Option Example Description
addresses [192.168.1.2/24, 62.210.123.123/32] A list of IP addresses to be assigned to an interface. The format uses CIDR notation.
gateway4 192.168.1.1 The IP address of your local IPv4 gateway.
dhcp4 true Set whether DHCP is enabled for IPv4 – true of false
dhcp6 true

Set whether DHCP is enabled for IPv6 – true of false        

Configuration of a failover IP with Netplan

To configure a failover IP, you have to edit the file /etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yaml and configure a static networking for your server. The IP addresses have to be written with their CIDR notation. The netmask is /24 for the principal IP of the server and /32 for each failover IP. Your configuration file should look like in the following example:

network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  ethernets:
    enp1s0f0:
      addresses: [163.172.123.123/24, 212.83.123.123/32]
      gateway4: 163.172.123.1
      nameservers:
        addresses: [ "62.210.16.6", "62.210.16.7" ]

Once you have edited and saved the file you can reload the configuration with the following command: sudo netplan apply

Configuration of a failover IP in a virtual machine

 

When you configure a failover IP inside a virtual machine, you have to specify the route that will be used by the VM. Your configuration file should look like in the following example:

network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  ethernets:
    eth0:
      dhcp4: no
      dhcp6: no
      addresses: [fail.over.ip.address/32]
      gateway4: 62.210.0.1
      nameservers:
        addresses: [62.210.16.6, 62.210.16.7]
      routes:
      - to: 62.210.0.1/32
        via: fail.over.ip.address
        scope: link
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